专利实施的强制许可

　　有下列情形之一的，国务院专利行政部门根据具备实施条件的单位或者个人的申请，可以给予实施发明专利或者实用新型专利的强制许可：

　　（一）专利权人自专利权被授予之日起满三年，且自提出专利申请之日起满四年，无正当理由未实施或者未充分实施其专利的；

　　（二）专利权人行使专利权的行为被依法认定为垄断行为，为消除或者减少该行为对竞争产生的不利影响的。

　　在国家出现紧急状态或者非常情况时，或者为了公共利益的目的，国务院专利行政部门可以给予实施发明专利或者实用新型专利的强制许可。

　　为了公共健康目的，对取得专利权的药品，国务院专利行政部门可以给予制造并将其出口到符合中华人民共和国参加的有关国际条约规定的国家或者地区的强制许可。

　　一项取得专利权的发明或者实用新型比前已经取得专利权的发明或者实用新型具有显著经济意义的重大技术进步，其实施又有赖于前一发明或者实用新型的实施的，国务院专利行政部门根据后一专利权人的申请，可以给予实施前一发明或者实用新型的强制许可。

　　在依照前款规定给予实施强制许可的情形下，国务院专利行政部门根据前一专利权人的申请，也可以给予实施后一发明或者实用新型的强制许可。

　　强制许可涉及的发明创造为半导体技术的，其实施限于公共利益的目的和专利法第四十八条第（二）项规定的情形。

　　除依照专利法第四十八条第（二）项、第五十条规定给予的强制许可外，强制许可的实施应当主要为了供应国内市场。

　　依照专利法第四十八条第（一）项、第五十一条规定申请强制许可的单位或者个人应当提供证据，证明其以合理的条件请求专利权人许可其实施专利，但未能在合理的时间内获得许可。

　　国务院专利行政部门作出的给予实施强制许可的决定，应当及时通知专利权人，并予以登记和公告。

　　给予实施强制许可的决定，应当根据强制许可的理由规定实施的范围和时间。强制许可的理由消除并不再发生时，国务院专利行政部门应当根据专利权人的请求，经审查后作出终止实施强制许可的决定。

　　取得实施强制许可的单位或者个人不享有独占的实施权，并且无权允许他人实施。

　　取得实施强制许可的单位或者个人应当付给专利权人合理的使用费，或者依照中华人民共和国参加的有关国际条约的规定处理使用费问题。付给使用费的，其数额由双方协商；双方不能达成协议的，由国务院专利行政部门裁决。

　　专利权人对国务院专利行政部门关于实施强制许可的决定不服的，专利权人和取得实施强制许可的单位或者个人对国务院专利行政部门关于实施强制许可的使用费的裁决不服的，可以自收到通知之日起三个月内向人民法院起诉。

COMPULSORY LICENSE FOR EXPLOITATION OF PATENTS

　　Under any of the following circumstances, the patent administrative department of the State Council may, upon the application of an eligible entity or individual, grant it or him a compulsory license to exploit the patent for an invention or utility model:

　　(1) The patentee, after the lapse of 3 full years from the date when patent is granted and after the lapse of 4 full years from the date when a patent application is filed, fails to exploit or to fully exploit its or his patent without any justifiable reason; or

　　(2) The patentee’s act of exercising the patent rights is determined as a monopolizing act and it is to eliminate or reduce the adverse consequences of the said act on competition.

　　Where a national emergency or any extraordinary state of affairs occurs, or where the public interest so requires, the patent administrative department of the State Council may grant a compulsory license to exploit the patent for an invention or utility model.

　　For the purpose of public health, the patent administrative department of the State Council may grant a compulsory license for a patented medicine so as to produce and export it to the country or region which conforms to the provisions of the relevant international treaty to which the People’s Republic of China has acceded.

　　Where an invention or utility model for which the patent was granted has seen any major technical progress of prominent economic significance when compared with another invention or utility model for which the patent has been granted earlier, and the exploitation of the later invention or utility model depends on the exploitation of the earlier one, the patent administrative department of the State Council may, upon the request of the later patentee, grant a compulsory license to exploit the earlier invention or utility model.

　　Where, according to the preceding paragraph, a compulsory license is granted, the patent administrative department of the State Council may, upon the request of the earlier patentee, also grant a compulsory license to exploit the later invention or utility model.

　　Where the invention involved in the compulsory license is a semi-conductor technology, the exploitation of the compulsory license shall be limited only to public interests and the circumstance as described in Article 48 (2) of this Law.

　　Besides the circumstances as described in Article 48 (2) and Article 50 of this Law in which a compulsory license is granted, the exploitation of a compulsory license shall be implemented primarily for supplying the domestic market.

　　The entity or individual requesting, in accordance with the provisions of Article 48 (1) and Article 51 of this Law, a compulsory license for exploitation shall prove that it or he has not been able to conclude with the patentee a license contract for exploitation on reasonable terms within a reasonable timeframe.

　　Where the patent administrative department of the State Council decides to grant a compulsory license for exploitation, it shall notify the patentee in time, and register it and make an announcement.

　　A decision on granting a compulsory license for exploitation shall, on the basis of the reasons for compulsory license, specify the scope and time of exploitation. When the reasons for compulsory license have been eliminated and will no longer occur, the patent administrative department of the State Council shall, upon request of the patentee, make a decision after examination on terminating the compulsory license.

　　Any entity or individual who is granted a compulsory license for exploitation shall not have exclusive right to exploit the patent and shall not have the right to authorize anyone else to exploit the patent.

　　The entity or individual that is granted a compulsory license for exploitation shall pay to the patentee a reasonable royalty or deal with the royalty issue under the relevant international treaties to which the People’s Republic of China has acceded. If a royalty is to be paid, the amount of the royalty shall be decided by both parties upon negotiation. If the parties fail to reach an agreement, the issue shall be settled by the patent administrative department of the State Council.

　　Where a patentee is dissatisfied with the decision of the patent administrative department of the State Council on granting a compulsory license for exploitation, or where a patentee, or an entity or individual to whom the compulsory license for exploitation is granted is dissatisfied with the ruling of the patent administrative department of the State Council on the royalties payable for compulsorily licensed exploitation, he or it may, within three months as of receipt of the notification, bring a lawsuit to the people’s court.